Wednesday, February 29, 2012

Reading as part of the Invention process


Topic Selection
Selecting a good topic for an open-ended assignment can be a challenge, but there are many things worth pursuing.  For example, all of these topics are unique and narrowed, and there is ongoing debate about them in at least some forum:

  • Negative effects of society’s expectation that everyone should go to college
  • Evaluating the proposed Yucca Mountain nuclear storage facility in light of the Japanese nuclear disaster
  • The “CSI Effect”: How forensic investigation dramas distort jury perceptions of evidence standards
  • Societal ramifications of unscheduled but potentially harmful drugs (like Salvia divinorum)
  • Effects changes in the Motion Picture Rating System have had on perceptions of acceptable media content
  • Language proficiency assessment for Arabic speakers in the military
  • Psychology of alien abduction reports
  • Rise in unclaimed bodies at morgues

To find a salient topic, consider browsing sources that provide in-depth discussion of contemporary issues, rather than relying on sources with mass market appeal.  A few of those I find helpful when looking for timely topics are listed after the jump.  (And here's a list of some key content farm sites to avoid (click here).

Friday, February 24, 2012

Rhetoric of the New York 9/11 Memorial

Here is a phenomenal piece about the failed rhetoric of the World Trade Center Memorial.  The author argues that the memorial is unlike those commemorating other significant events, like the Vietnam War.  Ultimately it atomizes, rather than individualizes, the deceased.  Its final message is nihilistic rather than rather than transformative, which is a fundamental misunderstanding of the exigence.  (That last bit is the contextual connection to the analysis, and why it could work for this assignment.)  A brief excerpt follows, but the whole thing is worth a read.  (It's an editorial piece, so he moves on to other topics beginning in the second heading; feel free to stop there.)

Men do not erect public monuments and memorials to serve as objective, dispassionate records of historical events. At their best they shape our consciousness of the past for the sake of our common life in the future. Therein lies the failure of the 9/11 Memorial. A quiet, peaceful place of repose amidst a busy city—it will be cherished by future Wall Street workers as a nice place for lunch on a sunny day. But its design serves no future, conjuring instead the blank, perpetual, unchanging power of death, and encouraging the atomizing particularity of personal memory.

Thursday, February 16, 2012

Two More Analysis Examples

They may be written in essay (rather than speech outline) format, but these two examples have some really solid rhetorical analysis, with great thesis statements.  Plus, they balance analysis and description well.

(While I have the authors' permission to share them within the class, please don't distribute these copyrighted papers.)

Marine Corp Ad

HP Notebooks and the American Dream

12 Things to Double-Check for Your Speech


There are quite a few details to keep track of when preparing a speech.  To make sure you’re not missing anything significant, consider working through the following checklist for next week's assignment:
  1. The speech is prepared in outline format—complete sentences or long phrases, with tabbing and alphanumeric labels, not using bullet points.
  2. The speech (and bibliography, if you have sources) is printed, single-spaced, stapled, and brought to class on the assigned speech day.
  3. Speaking notes, whether on note cards or on 8.5x11 paper, are designed for extemporaneous speaking: short words or phrases to remind you of what you want to say.  Speaking notes should be only 20-25% of your outline (or less).
  4. No outside sources are required, but any outside sources you do have (other than the ad itself) are cited in the outline (in-text parenthetical notes are preferred), are listed in complete bibliographic format in a bibliography or works cited list, and are cited aloud in the speech.
  5. The introduction ends with an analytical thesis and a structural preview of your main points, in that order.
  6. The body contains 2 to 4 main points, joined by transitions (summary of previous point, and introduction of the next).
  7. The thesis makes an analytical claim, not a descriptive statement.  (Identifying the existence of, say, logos in the ad is not an analytical claim.)
  8. The analysis avoids the generic insights listed in the assignment directions.
  9. The analysis focuses on how the rhetoric functions for the audience, not what the company may have intended.  (Sometimes ads have unintentional results, which could be worth analyzing.)
  10. Any visual aids are either brought in on a flash drive, or can be quickly found online, preferably without you having to log in to an account.  (For a YouTube video, knowing the search term to bring up your ad  usually is sufficient.
  11. Any PPT (optional!) is well managed: mostly images, minimal text, and includes blank slides when you want the audience to focus back on you.  It is permissible to have a single print ad displayed the entire time, though; the same image shouldn’t be too distracting.
  12. The speech has been timed and falls safely within the allotted time, without needing to rush to finish.  (If you like, you might identify a few things ahead of time that you’ll skip if you find yourself running out of time.)

Tuesday, February 14, 2012

See an expert rhetorical analysis

Here's a notice for a talk this Friday by a very distinguished speaker in rhetoric.  He's doing a contextual analysis (as best I can tell) of the horror film genre; should be fascinating!  So if you're not in my class this Friday at 3:35, consider heading on over to Willard to see what should be am insightful rhetorical analysis.


---------------------------------
The Department of Communication Arts and Sciences presents


Kendall R. Phillips

Associate Dean, Research and Graduate Studies
College of Visual and Performing Arts
Syracuse University
President Elect, Rhetoric Society of America
 
“Cinematic Horror: Affect, Rhetoric, Politics”
 
Addressing the genre of horror from a rhetorical perspective, this paper asks, “what kind of experiences do horror films invite us to have?” Beginning with the notion that cinema is an affective site, the paper argues that these affective sites are what Foucault called "heterotopias.” Seen within this framework, the horror genre can be understood as inviting a certain kind of affective experience and in so doing opening a particular kind of political space.

3:35 P.M. February 17, 2012 
165 WILLARD BUILDING

Sunday, February 12, 2012

Silko Essay Referenced in Friday's Chapter

Here's the essay referenced in Friday's reading assignment.  It might be worth taking a closer look to further clarify the difference between textual and contextual analysis:

Silko Essay

Thursday, February 9, 2012

Analysis: Effectiveness, Ethics, Artistry

The ad analysis assignment is designed so that you merely need to make an argument about the rhetorical functioning of the advertisement in question.  But sometimes rhetoricians wish to go a step further and include a judgment--an overall assessment of the quality of a particular rhetorical artifact.

The three main kinds of judgments that can be reached concern an artifact's effectiveness, its ethics, and its artistry.  The last of these can be tricky for beginning rhetoricians; unless someone is well versed in the nature of the field, his or her sense of taste will be more idiosyncratic (personal preference/opinion) rather than an authoritative assessment.
Source: Ira Glass.  Layout is from an unknown Tumblr user.  (Tumblr is pretty terrible for keeping track of image ownership.)

For an example of moving from analysis all the way to judgment:

Although it's not quite looking at an advertisement, this opinion piece from The New York Times, engages in a (brief) rhetorical assessment of Wikipedia's SOPA protest of a few weeks ago, and judges the rhetoric to be unethical.  Now, for our analysis we'd likely also want to attend more to the specific features of the rhetoric itself. (How did the specific wording of the protest message contribute to their rhetorical goals?  How did the language / layout / use of black add to or shape the pathos appeal? etc., etc.)  But it does a nice job of engaging several elements the rhetorical situation, which could serve as a great (and necessary) foundation for the depth of analysis we're looking for in this class.


Section 6 (11:15) -- Claim Your Ad


In the comment section below, briefly describe your ad so that others know it's taken.  Don't merely give a link--we need to be able to scan the list fairly quickly.  (Although you're free to also include a link if you'd like.)  Be sure to read over the other comments first before claiming yours!

Example: Palm Centro ad. Text: Chaos / Order. Available here.

(Note that this is a fake ad created by someone for a design class.  To make sure you're addressing a real rhetorical situation in your analysis, do your best to ensure your ad was actually produced by the company or non-profit organization, and is not a fan-produced ad (or a spoof--notice that the tape is on the outside of the door).

Section 7 (2:30) -- Claim Your Ad


In the comment section below, briefly describe your ad so that others know it's taken.  Don't merely give a link--we need to be able to scan the list fairly quickly.  (Although you're free to also include a link if you'd like.)  Be sure to read over the other comments first before claiming yours!

Example: Palm Centro ad. Text: Chaos / Order. Available here.

(Note that this is a fake ad created by someone for a design class.  To make sure you're addressing a real rhetorical situation in your analysis, do your best to ensure your ad was actually produced by the company or non-profit organization, and is not a fan-produced ad (or a spoof--notice that the tape is on the outside of the door).

Section 8 (4:15pm) -- Claim Your Ad

In the comment section below, briefly describe your ad so that others know it's taken.  Don't merely give a link--we need to be able to scan the list fairly quickly.  (Although you're free to also include a link if you'd like.)  Be sure to read over the other comments first before claiming yours!

Example: Palm Centro ad. Text: Chaos / Order. Available here.

(Note that this is a fake ad created by someone for a design class.  To make sure you're addressing a real rhetorical situation in your analysis, do your best to ensure your ad was actually produced by the company or non-profit organization, and is not a fan-produced ad (or a spoof--notice that the tape is on the outside of the door).

Tuesday, February 7, 2012

Thesis, Preview, and Analytical Sentences

Click the left or right arrows to see the slideshow.  Click on Full Screen for a larger version. 

Thesis, Preview, And_Analytical Sentences

Speech Organization

Click the left or right arrows to see the slideshow.  Click on Full Screen for a larger version.

Organization - Intros and Outlines for LA 101

Monday, February 6, 2012

Topics and Rhetorical Devices

Last week we discussed several elements of classical argumentation (the Invention canon of rhetoric).

Here is a nice collection of some of the classically understood topics (common argument formats; ways of thinking about relationship between data).  Note that the three kinds of persuasion we discussed (forensic (judicial), deliberative, and epideictic (ceremonial)) are also listed here as special topics.  Aristotle noted that there was something unique about how we approached these three ways of conducting arguments; hence, the "special" label.  (If you're looking for the primary source--and it's worth perusing--here's Aristotle's treatment of the topics.  I've linked to the (short) first chapter here, with links following to the other chapters.)

Also, I briefly mentioned that rhetorical devices might be a source for kick-starting deeper analysis.  The wikipedia link on Figures of Speech does a nice job of laying out many of them.  Consider, for instance, synecdoche, in which a part stands in for the whole ("Can you give me a hand?" doesn't really only want a hand...)  How does this shape our understanding of the topic at hand?  Or there's erotama, the technical term for what we often call a rhetorical question.  (Most questions are at least somewhat rhetorical, but for some reason someone decided these were especially so.)

It'd be worth your while to at least click through the lists of topics and devices to get a sense of the richness that close rhetorical analysis can bring to a subject.  I'm curious to hear what you explore!  (And if you find any favorite terms, feel free to comment on them below.)